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Excalidraw Data

Text Elements

Embedding vs. referencing

Embedded

order 1001

customer: { name: “Anna”, city: “Krems” }

items: [ { product: “Keyboard”, price: 40, qty: 1 }, { product: “Mouse”, price: 25, qty: 2 } ]

  • one read, one atomic write – Anna’s data is copied into every order (duplicates)

Referenced

order 1001

customer_id: 1

items: [ … ]

customer 1

name: “Anna” city: “Krems”

points to

  • no duplicates, change Anna once – second query / $lookup needed – two documents = no single-document atomicity any more

Rule of thumb: embed what you read together, reference what changes on its own or grows without limit